Direction for the following 6 questions: read the following passes and answer the items that follows the paasage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passes only.
Passage
Politicians and general talk of the military strategies and the maneuvers, but something completely different is needed. Stability will come only when economic opportunities exist, when you can find jobs and support families rather than seeking their livelihood in violence. Peace can only be achieve with a withdrawal of the foreign troops, sanction and peacekeeper and arrival of jobs, productive firms, and factories, healthcare, and schools. Repeatedly fragile peace in impoverished countries has broken down because of the lack of economic follow-up. Despite promises of aid, the actual record of international aid to post War construction is deficient.
Once the war ends agencies involved in the post were relief, effort fail to understand how to start and restart economic development in a low income Setting. They squander time, surplus aid funds and opportunities because they are not familiar with a local condition and do not understand their point of view. There are distinct phase of outside help to end a conflict. In the first phase focuses on providing foods, water, shelter, and medicine to the refugee i.e. humanitarian. In the second emphasis is on refugees returning home while in the last phase, long-term investment and strengthening of the courts is the main focus.
However, Once a conflict is over, aid agency sanctioned by the World Bank send study groups instead of requisite personal. There is a gap of several years before moving from humanitarian relief to the economic development. By the time. Such help relief arrives the war has restarted. It is possible to restart economic development through the targeted “quick impact” initiatives most economies in the post conflict countries are based on agriculture. Providing free packages of seeds, fertilisers, and low equipment quickly will, ensure that the former soldiers will return to their farms and established their livelihood, but the window of opportunity closes quickly, and one has implement these almost immediately.
Q. 78. Which of the following is a reason why post-conflict reconstruction efforts have failed?
- Aid organizations do not understand issues from the perspective of the poor.
- Rapid economic development in low-income countries.
- World Bank studies are not valid.
- International aid organizations become too involved in reconstruction efforts.
Answer:
Explanation:
Q. 79. Where does the problem lie in implementing post-war relief measures?
- Aid agencies fail to study the situation.
- Economic development measures are too rapid.
- Focus on economic development not humanitarian aid.
- Lack of essential and qualified personnel.
Answer:
Explanation:
Q. 80. According to the author, how can political stability be achieved?
(a) Increasing the number of foreign troops in areas of conflict
(b) Depending more on foreign aid
(c) Following recommendations given by the World Bank
(d) Providing economic opportunities
Answer:
Explanation:
Q. 81. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage?
(a) Focus in the first phase of a war is on providing humanitarian aid.
(b) Sanctions are not a means to ensure peace.
(c) Adequate time must be taken to plan and implement quick impact strategies.
(d) Providing employment to the younger generation will prevent wars.
Answer:
Explanation:
Q. 82. How can economic development be restarted in an impoverished country?
(a) Long-term studies should be commissioned.
(b) Retaining soldiers in the army to ensure law and order
(c) Restrict number of aid agencies to avoid waste
(d) Focusing on agricultural initiatives
Answer:
Explanation:
Q. 83. What is the benefit of “quick impact” aid?
(a) Soldiers earn income from the army and their farms.
(b) Providing alternate livelihood to soldiers before war can restart.
(c) Free land is given to soldiers.
(d) Price of equipment is low.
Answer:
Explanation: