31. The principle of “Esprit de Corps” emphasizes:
a) Individual performance
b) Centralized decision-making
c) Team spirit and harmony
d) Strict discipline
Answer:
c) Team spirit and harmony
Explanation:
“Esprit de Corps,” a management principle coined by Henri Fayol, emphasizes promoting team spirit, harmony, and unity among employees.
32. Recruitment, selection, and training are key activities in which function?
a) Directing
b) Controlling
c) Staffing
d) Organising
Answer:
c) Staffing
Explanation:
Staffing is the managerial function concerned with acquiring, developing, evaluating, and retaining the appropriate workforce for an organization.
33. On-the-job training method includes:
a) Classroom lectures
b) Case studies
c) Conferences
d) Apprenticeship
Answer:
d) Apprenticeship
Explanation:
Apprenticeship is an on-the-job training program where an individual learns a skilled trade while actively working under the supervision of an experienced master.
34. The grapevine refers to:
a) Formal communication
b) Informal communication
c) Vertical communication
d) Written communication
Answer:
b) Informal communication
Explanation:
The “grapevine” is a term used to describe the informal, unofficial, and personal communication network that naturally develops within an organization.
35. The 4Ps of the marketing mix include:
a) Product, Price, Place, Promotion
b) People, Process, Physical Evidence, Profit
c) Planning, Production, Packaging, Performance
d) Product, Planning, Process, People
Answer:
a) Product, Price, Place, Promotion
Explanation:
Coined by E. Jerome McCarthy, the classic 4Ps of the marketing mix are Product, Price, Place (distribution), and Promotion.
