Q. 36. Which of the following cases is related to maxim ‘damnum fatale’:
(A) Ashby vs. White
(B) Gloucester Grammar School case
(C) Fardon vs. Harcourt Rivington
(D) Nichols vs. Marsland
Answer:
(D) Nichols vs. Marsland
Explanation:
The case of Nichols v. Marsland illustrates the defense of “damnum fatale” (Act of God) in tort law, involving an unprecedented rainfall that broke artificial dams.
Q. 37. The Right to Equality is guaranteed by –
(A) Article 14 to 18
(B) Article 14
(C) Article 14 and 15
(D) Article 14, 15 & 16
Answer:
(A) Article 14 to 18
Explanation:
In the Indian Constitution, the Right to Equality is a fundamental right comprehensively covered under Articles 14 through 18.
Q. 38. An act in excess of the authority conferred by law is:
(A) Intra vires
(B) Illegal
(C) Ultra vires
(D) Extra-legal
Answer:
(C) Ultra vires
Explanation:
“Ultra vires” is a Latin phrase meaning “beyond the powers.” It describes actions taken by government bodies or corporations that exceed the scope of power granted to them by law.
Q. 39. A severe deserved punishment is:
(A) Retribution
(B) Revisionism
(C) Repartee
(D) Abdication
Answer:
(A) Retribution
Explanation:
Retribution refers to a justly deserved penalty or severe punishment inflicted as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act.
Q. 40. Which of the following sections of Indian Penal Code dealt with the punishment for attempting to commit offences?
(A) Section 107
(B) Section 307
(C) Section 411
(D) Section 511
Answer:
(D) Section 511
Explanation:
Section 511 of the IPC provides a general provision for the punishment of attempting to commit offenses punishable with imprisonment.
