26. Who among the following developed the idea of Oriental Despotism?
(A) Karl Marx
(B) Montesquieu
(C) Edward Said
(D) Andre Gunder Frank
Answer:
(B) Montesquieu
Explanation:
While Karl Marx developed the related “Asiatic Mode of Production”, it was the French philosopher Montesquieu who initially popularized the specific concept and term of “Oriental Despotism” in his work The Spirit of the Laws.
27. The author of Kitab-ul-Hind was
(A) Abdur Razaaq Samarqandi
(B) Ibn Battuta
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
Answer:
(C) Al-Biruni
Explanation:
Kitab-ul-Hind (also known as Tarikh al-Hind) is an extensive historic text written by the Persian scholar Al-Biruni detailing the social, political, and religious landscape of 11th-century India.
28. Who among the following was not a teacher of the Chishti Silsila?
(A) Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya
(B) Shaikh Muinuddin Sijzi
(C) Shaikh Nasiruddin Chirag-I Delhi
(D) Muhammad Qasim
Answer:
(D) Muhammad Qasim
Explanation:
Muhammad Qasim is not recognized as a major teacher or saint in the historical lineage (Silsila) of the Chishti Sufi order, unlike the other three renowned figures.
29. ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan’ is a
(A) Rs. 20 lakh crore economic package to aid India get out of the Coronavirus crisis
(B) Government scheme to help sports persons
(C) India’s space programme
(D) Scheme to help Indian diaspora
Answer:
(A) Rs. 20 lakh crore economic package to aid India get out of the Coronavirus crisis
Explanation:
Launched by PM Modi in May 2020, the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan (Self-Reliant India Mission) was announced alongside a massive ₹20 lakh crore economic stimulus package to mitigate the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
30. Who among the following described democracy as the ‘tyranny of the majority’?
(A) J. J. Rousseau
(B) Alexis de Tocqueville
(C) John Dunning
(D) James Madison
Answer:
(B) Alexis de Tocqueville
Explanation:
In his seminal work Democracy in America, the French political thinker Alexis de Tocqueville famously warned against the “tyranny of the majority” inherent in democratic systems.
